Wood chewing is often a repetitive behaviour in which the horse chews wood that they can find in their everyday surroundings. Typical targets for chewing include wood found in the construction of their stalls, fencing and sometimes even trees in their pastures.
Current research indicates that horses chew wood to fulfill a nutritional deficiency, relieve stress and in some cases as a learned, behavioural habit.
Common reasons for wood chewing include the following:
- Boredom
- Stress
- Nervousness
- Depression
- Excessive energy
- Nutritional deficiencies (lack of fiber, inadequate forage, low quality feed/pasture)
- Lack of socialization
- Lack of activity (too much time confined to stall)
- Learning the behaviour from other horses on the property
Horses that chew wood can suffer undesirable health effects. Many horses will wear down their top incisors and will also be at a greater risk of splinters becoming lodged in the soft tissue of their mouth (or even swallowed), along with the risk of ingesting dangerous toxins through treated wood, and potentially poisonous trees that may be located on the property, something that may lead to digestive issues.
If you notice your horse beginning to chew the wooden surfaces in their living spaces it is best to consult with your veterinarian. They will be able to advise you whether your horse may be deficient in key nutritional requirements and provide professional advice on how to alter your horse’s diet, routine and living arrangements to better support their needs and prevent further wood chewing in the future.